03061nas a2200241   4500008004100000245004800041210004800089300001200137490000600149520231200155653001802467653002502485653001902510653002502529653002002554653002502574653003002599653003502629653002102664653002502685100002702710856008202737       2018                        eng d00aIntegration Character of the CETA Agreement0 aIntegration Character of the CETA Agreement  a111-1250 v43 a<p>One of&nbsp;the manifestations of&nbsp;economic globalisation seen in&nbsp;recent years is&nbsp;the so‑called “new generation” type of&nbsp;trade agreements such as&nbsp;the TPP, CETA and TTIP. They aim at&nbsp;trade liberali‑ sation, but their scope is&nbsp;broader, comprising other areas of&nbsp;socio‑economic life, more or&nbsp;less directly linked to&nbsp;trade, such as&nbsp;e.g.: the liberalisation of&nbsp;public services, the mutual recognition of&nbsp;professional qualifications, the deregulation and liberalisation of&nbsp;financial markets, the protection of&nbsp;intellectual property rights, and the cooperation in&nbsp;creating new rules or&nbsp;protecting mutual investments. There‑ fore, the aim of&nbsp;this paper is&nbsp;to&nbsp;analyse the scope and content of&nbsp;the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) signed in&nbsp;2016 by&nbsp;the European Union and Canada from the point of&nbsp;view of&nbsp;the Balassa stages of&nbsp;economic integration and the EU’s experience in&nbsp;order to&nbsp;state whether the naming of&nbsp;such agreements as&nbsp;trade agreements, even with the “new generation” qualification, is&nbsp;re‑ ally justified. The analysis presented in&nbsp;this paper leads to&nbsp;the conclusion that this agreement should rather be&nbsp;included in&nbsp;the category of&nbsp;agreements labelled as&nbsp;integration agreements. Most of&nbsp;the CETA provisions are at&nbsp;the same level of&nbsp;sophistication as&nbsp;was achieved by&nbsp;the EU countries at&nbsp;the stage of&nbsp;building the single market, that is, at&nbsp;the stage of&nbsp;the implementation of&nbsp;the common mar‑ ket in&nbsp;Balassa’s nomenclature, and some of&nbsp;them are at&nbsp;the stage of&nbsp;economic and monetary union. The scope of&nbsp;the CETA, i.e. the number of&nbsp;areas of&nbsp;social and economic life regulated by&nbsp;it&nbsp;as&nbsp;well as&nbsp;their advancement and complexity, goes far beyond what is&nbsp;commonly understood as&nbsp;a&nbsp;trade agreement and beyond its official purpose&nbsp;– the creation of&nbsp;a&nbsp;free trade area between the European Union and Canada. It&nbsp;leads to&nbsp;economic integration at&nbsp;a&nbsp;level far deeper than a&nbsp;free trade area in&nbsp;its classic and common sense.</p>10acommon market10aeconomic integration10aeconomic union10aEuropean integration10afree trade area10aregional integration10aregional trade agreements10astages of economic integration10atrade agreements10atrade liberalisation1 aŚliwińska, Magdalena  uhttps://www.euro.ue.poznan.pl/pl/content/integration-character-ceta-agreement